Sunburn, sunstroke or heatstroke?
Three problems, often mixed up. Heatstroke is an emergency.
Medically reviewed by Dr. Mohamed Atef, Consultant Gynaecologist · October 2026
At a glance
Sunburn
Usually self-care- Skin red, hot, painful
- Often hours later
- Blisters = more severe
Sunstroke
Cool down, rest- Headache, nausea, dizziness
- Red, hot head
- Stiff neck
Heatstroke
Emergency: 123- Very hot, often dry skin
- Confused, drowsy
- Disturbed consciousness
Heatstroke: act at once
- Call the ambulance: 123
- Into the shade or a cool room
- Loosen clothing, cool with water, fan
- Awake: small sips of water. Unconscious: nothing to drink, do not leave alone
First aid
Sunstroke
- Shade, cool head and neck
- Upper body slightly raised
- Water or rehydration salts
- No more sun today
Sunburn
- Cool damp compresses, no ice directly
- After-sun, drink plenty
- Do not pop blisters
Call a doctor for
- Fever, chills, severe headache
- Large blisters, especially in children or on the face
- Sunburn in babies and small children
- Hardly any urine, dry mouth, dizziness
Prevention
SPF 30+reapply after swimming
Avoid 11 am–3 pmmidday sun
Hat, glasses, shirtprotect children
Drink plentyeven without thirst
Sources: ADAC (May 2026: “Sick in Egypt”)
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